Net Profit Margin adalah margin laba bersih yaitu salah satu rasio keuangan perusahaan yang membandingkan antara laba atau keuntungan bersih yang dihasilkan dari total omzet atau pendapatan yang diterima. Hasil perhitungannya ditunjukkan dalam ukuran persentase ataupun desimal. Semakin besar nilai yang dihasilkan dalam perhitungan margin laba bersih tentu semakin baik, artinya perusahaan mampu untuk mencetak laba yang tinggi dari bisnis yang dijalankannya. Margin laba bersih menunjukkan berapa banyak dalam setiap Rupiah pada pendapatan yang dihasilkan oleh bisnis, dapat dikonversi menjadi keuntungan bersih.
Bagaimana cara menghitung Net Profit Margin ?
Secara sederhanan, NPM atau Net Profit Margin dihitung dengan membagi pendapatan setelah dikurangi Harga Pokok Penjualan, biaya operasi, bunga, dan pajak dengan pendapatan, kemudian hasilnya dikalikan dengan 100%. Rumusnya dapat dituliskan sebagai berikut:
Net Profit Margin = (R - COGS - E - I - T ) / R x 100%
atau dapat dituliskan
Net Profit Margin = Net Income / R x 100%
Dimana:
R = Revenue atau Pendapatan
COGS = Cost of Goods Sold atau Harga Pokok Penjualan
E = Expense atau biaya
I = Interest atau bunga
T = Taxes atau pajak
- Contoh 1 : Laporan keuangan PT. XYZ per 31 Desember 2020 mencatatkan penjualan bersih senilai Rp500.000.000, sedangkan laba bersih adalah sebesar Rp90.000.000. Maka Net Profit Margin PT.XYZ adalah sebesar Rp90.000.000/Rp500.000.000 x 100% = 18%
- Contoh 2: PT. XYZ mampu menghasilkan NPM sebesar 10%. Pada tahun tahun tersebut perusahaan berhasil membukukan pendapatan sebesar Rp1 miliar, maka laba bersih yang dihasilkan oleh PT. XYZ adalah sebesar 10% x Rp1 miliar = Rp100.000.000
- Contoh 3 : PT. XYZ mampu menghasilkan NPM sebesar 8% dan laba bersih yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar Rp50.000.000, maka besarnya pendapatan yang dihasilkan oleh PT. XYZ adalah Rp50.000.000 x 100% / 8% = Rp625.000.000
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