Apa itu Know Your Customer ?

Orang bilang “tak kenal maka tak sayang...” dan prinsip ini juga berlaku dalam semua bidang, termasuk dalam industri keuangan sehingga memunculkan istilah ‘know Your Customer’ atau jika diterjemahkan kurang lebih artinya kenali customer atau client Anda. Istilah ini mungkin asing bagi sebagian orang, tapi tanpa Anda sadari ini selalu siapapun yang berhubungan dengan Anda, tentu akan berusaha untuk mengenali siapa Anda sebenarnya. Ketika Anda membuka rekening bank, mengajukan kredit pembiayaan, mengajukan kredit kendaraaan bermotor, atau seorang trader yang membuka rekening perdagangan di broker, tentu Anda akan diminta untuk memberikan informasi tentang diri Anda dengan sejelas-jelasnya.

Misalkan ketika Anda membuka rekening di salah satu bank, Anda akan diminta untuk mengisi sebuah formulir yang akan memuat data-data pribadi Anda secara detail seperti nama, tanggal lahir, NIK, alamat domisili, alamat email, nomer telefon, pendidikan, pekerjaan, NPWP dan informasi penunjang lainnya, bahkan termasuk data singkat mengenai orang yang memiliki koneksi dengan Anda. Kemudian setelah itu bank akan meminta kartu identitas resmi seperti e-KTP Anda untuk di copy dan dilampirkan, beberapa ada yang meminta foto selfie dengan memegang identitas yang dilampirkan sebagai bukti bahwa Anda sendiri yang terlibat langsung dalam pembukaan rekening, bukan orang lain.

Bukan itu saja, bahkan profil keuangan Anda juga harus diinformasikan dengan sejelas-jelasnya. Berapa penghasilan, dari mana sumber pendapatan atau dana yang akan digunakan, bahkan apa tujuan Anda membuka rekening transaksi, dan lain sebagainya. Semua hal tersebut merupakan bagian dari pengenalan nasabah sebagai sebuah prinsip kehati-hatian yang selalu dijalankan oleh institusi manapun terlebih dalam industri jasa keuangan untuk mengenali nasabahnya dengan sedetail mungkin, dan semua itu menjadi dasar dalam mengenali karater transaksi nasabah pada institusi dimaksud seperti perbankan ataupun jasa keuangan lainnya.

Apa dasar kebijakan dan tujuan dari pengenalan nasabah ?

Undang-Undang RI No 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Peraturan Menteri Keuangan No 30/PMK.010/2010 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Mengenal Nasabah bagi Lembaga Keuangan Non Bank
Peratura OJK No 12-POJK.01-2017 tentang Penerapan Program APU PPT di Sektor Jasa Keuangan

Kebijakan internal yang diterapkan oleh institusi itu sendiri.

Sesuai dengan dasar kebijakan di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan tujuan paling mendasar dari pengumpulan informasi data nasabah adalah agar institusi yang bersangkutan benar-benar mengenali dan memahami nasabahnya dengan baik, sebagai salah satu upaya dalam pencegahan dan pemberantasan tindak pencucian uang atau anti money laundering, sekaligus memastikan bahwa dana terkait milik nasabah yang ditransaksikan pada bank atau lembaga keuangan tersebut, tidak digunakan untuk hal-hal yang bertentangan dan melanggar hukum misalkan seperti pendanaan untuk transaksi ilegal, terorisme, korupsi, suap, gratifikasi, dan lain sebagainya.

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